Symptoms normally fade when warm weather slows the viral activity within infected plants. Moench against okra yellow vein mosaic virus under different management practices at paklihawa, rupandehi, nepal. This is the most important and destructive viral disease in bhendi. Morphological characterization and agronomic evaluation of. Congenital varicose veins are due to disorders in the natural development of the venous system, and usually are part of a vascular malformation in the limb, present at birth. Cotton, a plant of the genus gossypium name used by pliny, is a member of the tribe hibisceae. Older leaves have irregular yellow areas which are interveinal. Finger vein identification based on minutiae feature. Some wellknown species of this tribe include okra h. Byvmv was first reported from mumbai in india kulkarni, 1924. Yield loss due to this virus is quite high, up to 8094 percent is. Sequence analysis revealed that the viral genome gu112065 is 2,741 bp in length and genome is similar to that of monopartite begomoviruses originating from the old world, with seven conserved orfs. Abelmoschus esculentus malvaceae commonly called okra, ladys finger, bhendi or bindi is an important vegetable crop grown in west bengal, india.
Its related to the hibiscus plant and produces similarly beautiful flowers. Okra is a vegetable that keeps on giving all summer long. Abelmoschus esculentus an overview sciencedirect topics. This is a viral disease occurring on bhendi okra ladys finger. The disease infects at all the stages of crop growth and severely reduces growth and yield. Okra mosaic virus okmv, transmitted by flea beetles podagrica, is widespread in africa but damage is much less important than that caused by okra leaf curl disease olcv, transmitted by whitefly bemisia tabaci. Ncert exemplar class 8 science solutions chapter 2. The fruits of the infected plants become pale yellow to white in color, deformed, small and tough in texture. This disease is caused by a complex consisting of the monopartite begomovirus bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus byvmv, family. The characteristic symptoms of the disease are a homogenous interwoven network of yellow veins. Investigations on stigma receptivity, pollen storage, bud size and pollination frequency for hybrid seed production in bhendi abelmoschus esculentus l.
Natural occurrence of bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus on. This disease spread from one plant to another by insects. Okra seeds are also good sources of protein and vegetable oil yadav and dhankhar 2001. Okra e agriculture service for farmers bakhabar kissan. Vaccines contain dead or weakened microbes of a particular disease. Late flowering and long fruiting habit, resistance to yellow vein mosaic virus, fruit borer and jassid and higher vitamin c content present in the wild species can be utilized for the improvement of a. Pdf yellow vein mosaic is a devastating disease of okra, caused by monopartite and bipartite begomovirus and associate satellites. The geographical origin of okra is disputed, with supporters of west african, ethiopian, and south asian origins.
The plant is susceptible to a most important and destructive begomovirus. The hybrid is moderately tolerant to yellow vein mosaic virus. Ncert science textbooks class 612, wikipedia microbes or microorganisms microorganisms include bacteria, fungi, protozoa, some algae, viruses, viroids and also prions that are proteinacious infectious agents. Yellow vein mosaic virus this is the most important and destructive viral disease in okra that infects crops at all the stages growth. Bhendi vein clearing virus recognize the problem this is a viral disease occurring on bhendi okra ladys finger. The fruits are harvested when immature and used as a vegetable. Moench in the tropics threatening its commercial cultivation. Yellow vein mosaic virus yvmv its the most important and destructive viral disease in okra plants are more susceptible 35 50 days after sowing the disease is transmitted by the white fly bemisia tabaci infected leaves become totally light yellow and there is not trace of green fruits of infected plants exhibit a pale yellow.
P7 was moderately susceptible while the rest fall in the category of susceptible and highly susceptible. Bhendi yellow vein mosaic disease is caused by a virus and is spread by insects in lady fingers. It was first found in 1924 in bombay of india and sri lanka. Ladys finger bhindi or okra yellow vein mosaic is considered very important disease. Khan and mukhopadhaya 1985 conducted the gradient study on the spread of bhendi yvmv and showed a steep rise during the early growth stages of the crop.
Whitefly is also the vector of yellow vein mosaic virus byvmv, a. Yellow vein mosaic disease yvmd, which is caused by association of many distinctive mono and bipartite begomoviruses and their satellites is the most devastating disease of okra abelmoschus esculentus l. Yellow vein mosaic virus powdery mildew dust sulphur 25 kgha or spray dinocap 2 mllit or tridemorph 0. Leaves of infected plants often have a mosaic pattern of dark green blotches on a pale yellow background. Seed production technology of okra abelmoschus esculentus july 11, 2017 august 12, 2017 posted in agriculture okra or ladys finger abelmoschus esculentus. In this tribe gossypium is the most important genus. Microbes or microorganisms diseases caused by microorganisms diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, protozoans and fungi. The economic and ecological sustainability of okra in these systems is under question because of the lowyielding potential, suboptimal pod quality and susceptibility to biotic and biotic stresses especially the yellow vein mosaic virus. This disease is caused by a virus called yellow vein mosaic virus. Yellow vein mosaic is a devastating disease of okra, caused by monopartite and bipartite begomovirus and associate satellites. Devices for finger vein image acquisition finger vein biometric systems use infrared ir light to capture blood vessels, however, the position of infrared light source affects the quality of the images. When a vaccine is introduced into a healthy body, the.
In severe infections, the younger leaves turn yellow to become entirely chlorotic and the plant is highly stunted. Whether to adorn a more formal garden bed, or be placed in a colorful, moving pot, this plant just keeps giving us more and greater. Review article developing rnai strategy against yellow. When you harvest a pod, another grows in its place. Cultivation of crops agriculture is considered an offbeat practice in todays world. Chakraborty b, mitra a, sultana s, sherpa ar, 2015. Okra yellow vein mosaic is devastating pathogen of okra, sign ificantly lowers the yield up to 94%. Bhendi yellow vein mosaic disease in india is caused by. Bhendi yellow vein mosaic byvmv or yellow vein mosaic of okra oyvmv is a viral disease caused by monopartite begomovirusbhendi yellow vein mosaic virus byvmv, family. Geminiviridae and a small satellite dna beta component. The initial symptom on young leaves is a diffuse, mottled appearance. Okra plants have small erect stems that can be bristly or hairless with heartshaped leaves. Rust of wheat is a fungal disease spread through air. In addition to varicose veins, these individuals may also have an enlarged and longer.
Bract mosaic banana bract mosaic virus abaca bract mosaic virus. The veins of the leaves will be cleared by the virus and interveinal area becomes completely yellow or white. Observation was made at 35, 50 and 65 days after sowing. Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus byvmv that causes severe economic losses. The first picking starts from 45 47 days after sowing and the fruits are slender,shiny dark green in colour. Varicose veins that develop after trauma or deep vein thrombosis are of secondary cause. The leaves are 1020 cm 48 in long with 57 lobes the plant produces flowers with five white to yellow petals which are 48 cm 1. Moench is a traditional pod vegetable widely grown in low, medium and highinput systems for domestic and export markets. Okra diseases and pests, description, uses, propagation.
Okra crop is grown throughout the year and is susceptible to many fungal pathogens. Only one parent and 11 hybrids were fall in resistance category against yellow vein mosaic virus. Which organism causes yellow vein mosaic of ladys finger. Varietal screening of okra abelmoschus esculentusl. The objectives of this study is to study the spatial and temporal pattern of b.
Jump to navigation jump to search this article is a list of diseases. Natural occurrence of bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus on litsea spp. Vein clearing, vein chlorosis, yellow veins enclosing green patches of the leaf. The leaf sample from okra plants showing the yellow vein mosaic disease symptoms was collected in karnataka state, india. Fungal diseases are a major constraint next to the yellow vein mosaic virus yvmv in all areas of the country okra producing. Nazuk is a high yielding hybrid with moderate tolerance to yellow vein mosaic. Yellow vein mosaic virus yvmv and enation leaf curl virus elcv are major viral diseases of okra abelmoschus esculentus l. Yellow vein mosaic disease is the major limitation in the production of bhendi or okra abelmoschus esculentus, an important vegetable crop of india. The disease is caused by yellow vein mosaic virus, transmitted by insect vector, the whitefly, bemisia tabaci.
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